{VERSION 3 0 "IBM INTEL NT" "3.0" } {USTYLETAB {CSTYLE "Maple Input" -1 0 "Courier" 0 1 255 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 }{CSTYLE "2D Math" -1 2 "Times" 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 }{CSTYLE "2D Output" 2 20 "" 0 1 0 0 255 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 } {PSTYLE "Normal" -1 0 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "" 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 }0 0 0 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 }{PSTYLE "Maple Output" 0 11 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "" 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 }3 3 0 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 }{PSTYLE "Maple Plot" 0 13 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "" 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 }3 0 0 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 }{PSTYLE "Title " 0 18 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "" 1 18 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 }3 0 0 -1 12 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 }} {SECT 0 {EXCHG {PARA 18 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 42 "Approximation par des s \351ries de Tchebychef" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 39 "D'apr \350s ENS Saint-Cloud option P' 1982." }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 50 "restart:with(orthopoly):interface(plotdevice=gdi);" } }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 126 "Le paquet nomm\351 orthopoly fo urnit toutes sortes de polyn\364mes orthogonaux, notamment ceux de Tch ebychef dont nous avons besoin." }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 74 "Nous d\351finissons d'abord la fonction auxiliaire fc; c'est une h omographie." }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 51 "c:=2.*sqrt(2 .)-3.:fc:=x->(1-c^2)/(2*(1-2*c*x+c^2)):" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 244 "Cette fonction a un d\351veloppement en s\351rie de poly n\364mes de Tchebychef. Quand on prend n termes, l'erreur commise est \+ de l'ordre de grandeur de c^n. La th\351orie des polyn\364mes de meill eure approximation montre que le meilleur choix pour approcher " }} {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 45 "fc avec un polyn\364me de degr\351 n au p lus est..." }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 59 "P:=(n,x)->-1/2+sum(c^k*T(k,x),k=0..n-1)+c^n/(1-c^2)*T(n,x):" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 109 "Nous prendrons pour nos essais une petite valeur de n, qui mettra bien en \351vidence les approximations faites." }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 17 "Digits:=9:P(4,x);" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {XPPMATH 20 "6#,,$\"*#eb9Z!\"*\"\"\"%\"xG$!*u4Uc\"F&*$)F(\" \"#\"\"\"$\"*&G=t^!#5*$)F(\"\"$F.$!*e`--#F1*$)F(\"\"%F.$\"*1vE9(!#6" } }}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 69 "Un changement de variable affine ram\350ne l'intervalle [-1,1] \340 [0,1]." }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 40 "Q:=(n,t)->expand(P(n,(2*t-1))*sqrt(2.)):" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 116 "On constate que l'\351cart entre \+ la fonction 1/(1+t) et Qn est petit, et qu'il y a bien une alternance \+ \340 l'ordre 4+2=6." }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 28 "plot (1/(1+t)-Q(4,t),t=0..1);" }}{PARA 13 "" 1 "" {INLPLOT "6%-%'CURVESG6$7 `s7$\"\"!$\"1n/+++Qm@!#>7$$\"1LL$3FWYs#!#=$\"1Dl*o$zHH=F+7$$\"1mmmT&)G \\aF/$\"1')od'H/)4:F+7$$\"1++]7G$R<)F/$\"1`Z-b:P27F+7$$\"1LLL3x&)*3\"! #<$\"1YU*4BH[@*!#?7$$\"1nmTN@Ki8F?$\"1,bUNF?$\"1Uz&>.72e\"FB7$$\"1nmm;arz@F?$!1^%*p>\"=+ m'!#@7$$\"1L$e*)4bQl#F?$!1`#)y,i&=C%FB7$$\"1++D\"y%*z7$F?$!1Tq')p]09uF B7$$\"1n;ajW8-OF?$!1'f/_-d0-\"F+7$$\"1LL$e9ui2%F?$!14,(>F+7$$\"1mm;zp !fu'F?$!1AS4+8Ih?F+7$$\"1nmmm6m#G(F?$!1&)GZ!>>G7#F+7$$\"1omTg#Q5b(F?$! 1#HMe1(>V@F+7$$\"1nm;a`T>yF?$!1#3C*o)Qq:#F+7$$\"1nm\"zW#z(3)F?$!1.D>`Z ik@F+7$$\"1mmmT&phN)F?$!1]?=R$Gi;#F+7$$\"1,v$f3rKi)F?$!1*)o\\l%\\@;#F+ 7$$\"1L$3-js.*))F?$!1&p]3(om_@F+7$$\"1m\"zWF+7$$\"1++v=JN[6Fjs$!1(eYE8g!G=F+7$$\"1nm\"z/3uC\"Fj s$!1)\\F7]p'=;F+7$$\"1LLe*ot*\\8Fjs$!1cBqD:;o8F+7$$\"1++DJ$RDX\"Fjs$!1 Cq')G#)p#4\"F+7$$\"1LLekGhe:Fjs$!1fv9?Be0zFB7$$\"1nm\"zR'ok;Fjs$!1qJ!3 B,5z%FB7$$\"1LL3_(>/x\"Fjs$!1@;dmlqm;FB7$$\"1++D1J:w=Fjs$\"1Ky^:c\\89F B7$$\"1n;HdG\"\\)>Fjs$\"1Vp]X1sxWFB7$$\"1LLL3En$4#Fjs$\"1hal$>)R&Q(FB7 $$\"1++Dc#o%*=#Fjs$\"1V$QLMy@y*FB7$$\"1nm;/RE&G#Fjs$\"1QYbIu!**>\"F+7$ $\"1LLe9r5$R#Fjs$\"15W*fg;aU\"F+7$$\"1+++D.&4]#Fjs$\"1#zCmS@Ki\"F+7$$ \"1+++]jB4EFjs$\"16K/'Q8Az\"F+7$$\"1+++vB_F+7$$\"1++ +Dg(=#GFjs$\"1<]\\)>\"\\L?F+7$$\"1+++v'Hi#HFjs$\"1(Gb?F+7$$\"1LLLLY.KNFjs$\"1aZVqA^v>F+7$$\"1++D\"o7Tv$Fjs$\"1u)*\\ >,b<Z-\"F+7$$\"1++]iB0pUFjs$\"1Hyt%pqJ@)FB7$$\"1++vV&RY2aFjs$!1FQhn:/k9F+7$$\"1mm;zXu9cFjs $!1l1gQ_2eF+7$$\"1***\\ibOO$fFjs$!1Q c*RQ7X1#F+7$$\"1****\\i_QQgFjs$!1G[oKVn@@F+7$$\"1*\\(=U,1*3'Fjs$!1],B8 w5T@F+7$$\"1**\\(=-N(RhFjs$!1`'Fjs$!11!Rs:7N ;#F+7$$\"1***\\7y%3TiFjs$!1gcKGiOm@F+7$$\"1*\\7`f]tH'Fjs$!1&3[9%Q%H;#F +7$$\"1**\\P4kh`jFjs$!1&ptZ%pa_@F+7$$\"1+vVBA))4kFjs$!1%)y&z;`^8#F+7$$ \"1****\\P![hY'Fjs$!1?F=^%e26#F+7$$\"1mmT5FEnlFjs$!1PpQN>Q\\?F+7$$\"1L LL$Qx$omFjs$!1)RJVJ%pl>F+7$$\"1+++v.I%)oFjs$!1xyMm4i9L1:,WS=F +7$$\"1+]PM&*>^')Fjs$\"1=xS)H-c)>F+7$$\"1LLe9tOc()Fjs$\"1(p$fes=#4#F+7 $$\"1+vV[ko/))Fjs$\"1K4Rz.YE@F+7$$\"1m;H#e0I&))Fjs$\"1;Ul8&z0:#F+7$$\" 1](=#\\^;x))Fjs$\"1%R+AaB'e@F+7$$\"1Le9;ZK,*)Fjs$\"1F;-ox(Q;#F+7$$\"1; H2$G%[D*)Fjs$\"1oiU$Qci;#F+7$$\"1+++]Qk\\*)Fjs$\"1c$o\")fsc;#F+7$$\"1n T5SMLx*)Fjs$\"1M%\\3(pCh@F+7$$\"1L$3-.B]+*Fjs$\"1*p&3O4o_@F+7$$\"1+DJ? 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